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Fed hiked 25bps and maintains QT (as expected), and left the terminal rate (via the DotPlot) unchanged. However, it shifted a slightly more dovish guidance on future policy hikes and an admission that the impact of its monetary policy could impact banks.
A lot has changed since The Fed last met on February 1st and decided to hike 25bps. Between Powell's hawkish hearings with Congress and the dovish-inference of a global financial system crisis, the market's expectations for The Fed's actions today have swung wildly - but ironically, are basically unchanged since the Feb 1st meeting.
At its most hawkish the market priced in a 75% chance of a 50bps hike (after Powell's hearings). That then collapsed to a 63% chance of a 'pause' by The Fed following the collapse of SVB and CS. The last week has seen expectations rise back to 80% or so of a 25bps hike...
Source: Bloomberg
Interestingly the entire Fed Funds curve is back at very similar levels to where it stood at the last FOMC meeting - after a wild ride in between...
Source: Bloomberg
The Dot-Plot gets a makeover today with expectations for considerably larger variations (and a dovish drift) from where it stood in December...
Source: Bloomberg
And of course, the Fed Balance Sheet exploded higher.
Goldman Sachs economists looked at how the Fed has set policy in the past when stresses in the financial system threatened to disrupt lending and economic activity. Excluding severe recessions, they looked at 1966, 1984, 1994-95 and 1998. The central bank eased monetary policy in two of the four cases and paused tightening in a third, they found.
They write:
“Overall, the historical record suggests that the FOMC tends to avoid tightening monetary policy in times of financial stress and prefers to wait until the extent of the problem becomes clear, unless it is confident that other policy tools will successfully contain financial stability risks.”
Here's what the Federal Reserved said today.
*FED RAISES BENCHMARK RATE 25 BPS TO 4.75%-5% TARGET RANGE
*FED WILL CONTINUE SAME PACE OF REDUCING TREASURY, MBS HOLDINGS
Fed offers some dovish guidance.
...language about "ongoing increases in the target range" will be appropriate removed and replaced with "some additional policy firming may be appropriate"
Fed gives a nod to the banking system in a new addition to the statement.
The U.S. banking system is sound and resilient. Recent developments are likely to result in tighter credit conditions for households and businesses and to weigh on economic activity, hiring, and inflation. The extent of these effects is uncertain.
Finally, and perhaps a smidge more hawkishly.
The Fed removed inflation "has eased somewhat" and just left "remains elevated"
The Fed also added this new line, perhaps in a nod to their own impact on bank balance sheets (and how much more data dependent they may become).
"The Committee will closely monitor incoming information and assess the implications for monetary policy"
And as far as the new 'dots' go, the terminal rate is unchanged from the December dots.
There is now one official who sees rates ending this year between 5.75% and 6%, compared with zero in December, and there is a big difference between the OIS market and the FOMC’s 2023 median dot. All in all, we expect several other rate hikes in 2023.